"Six Sigma" is the method of quality management which aims at achieving "six sigma". This method was introduced by Motorola in the 80's. Nowadays it is beeing used by lots of international companies and institutions. Some people say that six sigma should be implemented into various sphere of life and the effect of this method (significant improvement of financial results by reducing costs of bad quality) is very important.
In statistics "sigma" means standard deviation of variable. Six sigma means the distance of six standard deviations between the central process line and the nearest specification boundary. The aim of the programme is to reduce number of defects till 3 or 4 defects per one million occasions. In the past people thought that it was impossible and the processes for 3 sigma had been accepted. Nowadays leaders have much better results in this sphere and achieve in many processes the value of six sigma.

The meaning of "six sigma process" results from the idea that if you have six standard deviations between the process and the nearest specification boundary, in practise no items should fail to meet the specification criteria. On the picture above you may see this situation very clearly.